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Findings

What does this study add?

  • ‘Headache not otherwise specified’ (76%) and migraine (36%) were the most frequently documented headache disorders.
  • Of the cohort, 3% had post-traumatic headache (PTH) and 5% traumatic brain injury.
  • In veterans with traumatic brain injury, the majority (85%) had ‘headache not otherwise specified’, almost half had migraine headaches, and PTSD was extremely high.
  • Men had significantly higher levels of traumatic brain injury, and PTSD with traumatic brain injury, than women.
  • Men had significantly lower migraine headaches with traumatic brain injury than women.
  • The rate of comorbidity was high, with limb and back pain being the most common painful conditions.
  • Psychiatric disorders were present in 15–35% of veterans overall and generally more prevalent in women than men.